Important WGU Network and Security Foundation Exam Questions

Answer: D

Explanation:

A Type 2 hypervisor (hosted hypervisor) runs on top of an existing operating system and allows for the creation of virtual machines. Examples include VMware Workstation and Oracle VirtualBox.

Type 1 hypervisors run directly on hardware without an OS (e.g., VMware ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-V).

Open-source and proprietary describe licensing models, not hypervisor types.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Data encryption protects sensitive information by encoding it into an unreadable format, ensuring that even if attackers intercept the data, they cannot decipher it without the proper decryption key. This is crucial for protecting stored and transmitted data.

RBAC controls user access but does not secure data in transit.

2FA strengthens authentication but does not secure stored or transmitted data.

Patch management fixes software vulnerabilities but does not directly protect intercepted data.

Answer: D

Explanation:

Confidentiality in IT security ensures that sensitive data remains private and protected from unauthorized access. Encryption is a key measure used to maintain confidentiality by encoding data so that only authorized users can access it.

Integrity ensures that data remains accurate and unchanged.

Availability ensures that data is accessible when needed.

Consistency is not a component of the CIA triad.

Answer: B

Explanation:

A dictionary attack is a password-cracking method that systematically tries common words, phrases, and predictable passwords (e.g., 'password123', 'admin2024') to gain access to an account. Attackers often compile large lists of weak or reused passwords.

Phishing tricks users into revealing passwords but does not systematically test multiple words.

Credential stuffing uses breached passwords rather than guessing from a list.

Social engineering manipulates users but does not rely on automated password attempts.

Answer: D

Explanation:

A Ring topology is a network setup where each device is connected to two adjacent devices, forming a circular path for data transmission. This topology ensures that data travels in a single or bidirectional loop.

Point-to-point topology refers to a direct connection between two devices without forming a larger network structure.

Bus topology has all devices connected to a single central cable, rather than forming a ring.

Star topology features a central hub or switch that connects all devices, rather than direct device-to-device links.