Important WGU Introduction to IT Exam Questions

Answer: B

Explanation:

In this approach, users stop using the old system, and the new system is put into use immediately1. However, direct conversion can be risky, especially without extensive testing beforehand2.

Reference

1. W3computing.com

2. Universal CPA Review

Answer: D

Explanation:

1. Lexical Analysis:

o The source code is first tested by the compiler's lexer, which breaks it down into tokens (such as keywords, identifiers, operators, and punctuation).

o This step identifies the individual elements of the program.

2. Syntactic and Semantic Analysis:

o The compiler performs syntactic analysis, checking the source code for syntax errors and ensuring it follows the correct language-specific rules.

o If any errors occur, the compiler throws an error and stops the compilation.

o Additionally, the compiler performs semantic analysis to find the meaning of the code.

o It checks for logical errors, such as type mismatches, undeclared variables, and incorrect usage of operators.

3. Optimization:

o Once the code is syntactically correct, the compiler performs low-level optimization to improve performance.

o This may involve reducing memory usage or optimizing code for speed by rearranging instructions or eliminating unnecessary operations.

4. Output Code Generation:

o Finally, the compiler generates machine code corresponding to the original source code.

o The resulting machine code resides in a binary file that the computer's hardware can execute directly.

Why Do We Use Compilers?

* Compilers catch syntax and semantic errors before running the code, saving time and preventing crashes.

* They optimize code for efficient execution, resulting in faster, more compact programs.

Disadvantages of a Compiler:

* Compiled code is platform-dependent, meaning it produces a machine-specific executable file.

* Code compiled on one type of machine won't run on another type without recompilation1.

Reference

1. GeeksforGeeks

2. Built In

3. Wikipedia

Answer: D

Explanation:

Insourcing, the practice of developing software or handling IT tasks within the organization, offers several advantages. The primary advantage in this scenario focuses on skill development:

* Knowledge growth: By working directly on projects, in-house developers gain hands-on experience, enhancing their coding skills and understanding of the company's specific needs.

* Ownership: Insourcing provides developers with a sense of ownership over the project, often leading to increased motivation and problem-solving skills.

Answer: A

Explanation:

1. Providing Valuable Ethical Guidelines to IT Professionals:

o Professional associations establish codes of ethics and codes of conduct that outline expected behavior for IT professionals.

o These guidelines address ethical considerations related to privacy, security, honesty, and professional responsibility.

o By adhering to these standards, IT professionals contribute to the well-being of society and uphold the public good1.

2. Engaging in the Development and Adoption of Industry-Leading Practices:

o Associations collaborate with industry experts to develop globally-accepted best practices.

o They promote ethical behavior by disseminating these practices through seminars, conferences, and certification courses.

o By following these standards, IT professionals ensure the integrity and trustworthiness of their work2.

Reference

* ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct: The ACM (Association for Computing Machinery) provides a comprehensive code of ethics for computing professionals.

* Chapter 8: The Making of a Profession: Values, Ethics, and Conducts: This chapter discusses the role of professional associations in establishing ethical guidelines.

* Code of Professional Ethics | IS/IT Certifications | ISACA: ISACA (Information Systems Audit and Control Association) emphasizes compliance and governance in IT ethics3.

* Ethics and the IT Professional | EDUCAUSE Review: Various associations, including AITP (Association of Information Technology Professionals), contribute to ethical guidance

Answer: A

Explanation:

* Proprietary software refers to software that is closed source and is commercially licensed. It is developed by a specific company or individual, and its source code is not publicly available.

* In proprietary software, the end user does not have the authority to modify or reuse the software code. The software is typically distributed as operational code only, without providing access to the underlying source code.

* Proprietary licenses often include terms that prohibit ''reverse engineering'' of the object code with the intention of obtaining the source code.

* Examples of proprietary software include Microsoft Office, Adobe Photoshop, and many commercial applications.

* Reference:

o 1 Snyk. ''What is a software license? 5 Types of Software Licenses Explained.'' Link

o 2 Turing. ''Open Source vs. Commercial Software License: What Do You Need?'' Link

o 3 License.md. ''What type of license is needed for Commercial Use Software?'' Link

o 4 Thales Group. ''Commercial License FAQ.'' Link

Note: While proprietary software utilizes a commercial software license, it's essential to understand that open-source software (which is freely available and allows modification and reuse of source code) falls under a different category. However, for the specific question, the correct answer is A. Proprietary.