Important PECB ISO-IEC-27002-Foundation Exam Questions

Answer: B

Explanation:

Control 5.35, Independent review of information security, is the control intended to ensure that the organization's approach to managing information security remains suitable, adequate, and effective. Independent reviews provide objective evaluation of whether policies, processes, controls, responsibilities, and implementation remain aligned with business needs, risks, legal requirements, and the organization's security objectives. The review may consider governance, control design, control operation, risk treatment, compliance, incident trends, technology changes, supplier dependencies, and audit results. Control 5.4, Management responsibilities, is important because management must ensure personnel apply security according to policies and procedures, but it is not the control specifically focused on independent review. Control 5.24 concerns planning and preparation for incident management, which supports response capability but does not broadly assess the continuing suitability of the whole security approach. The phrase ''suitable, adequate and effective'' is a strong indicator of review and assurance. ISO/IEC 27002 uses independent review to challenge assumptions, detect weaknesses, and support continual improvement. Therefore, option B is the verified answer. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 5.35 Independent review of information security; Control 5.36 Compliance with policies, rules and standards for information security; Control 5.4 Management responsibilities.

Answer: B

Explanation:

Control 5.37, Documented operating procedures, aims to ensure the correct and secure operation of information processing facilities. Operating procedures translate security and operational requirements into repeatable instructions for administrators, operators, support teams, and users. They can cover system startup and shutdown, backup, restoration, logging, error handling, media handling, job scheduling, maintenance, incident escalation, access administration, and secure processing steps. Without documented procedures, operations become inconsistent and dependent on individual memory or informal practice, increasing the likelihood of mistakes, outages, unauthorized changes, or insecure handling. Control 7.2, Physical entry, protects secure physical areas by controlling access to facilities, but it does not define operational procedures. Control 5.35, Independent review of information security, assesses whether the information security approach remains suitable, adequate, and effective, but it does not provide the day-to-day operating instructions. ISO/IEC 27002 places documented procedures in the organizational control group because reliable operation requires governance, clarity, and repeatability. Therefore, option B is the verified answer. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 5.37 Documented operating procedures; Control 7.2 Physical entry; Control 5.35 Independent review of information security.

Answer: A

Explanation:

The situation describes a people-related operational threat: data input error by employees. The root cause is not a malicious external attack or theft; it is that employees cannot reliably follow complicated processing procedures. ISO/IEC 27002 recognizes that people, competence, awareness, and documented procedures are essential to information security. When procedures are unclear, excessive, or difficult to follow, employees may enter incorrect data, omit fields, select wrong categories, mishandle classifications, misroute information, or unintentionally corrupt records. This primarily threatens integrity because the information may no longer be accurate or complete. Hacking would involve unauthorized technical intrusion, and information theft would involve intentional unauthorized taking or disclosure of information. Neither is stated in the scenario. ISO/IEC 27002 addresses this type of risk through information security awareness, education and training, documented operating procedures, clear responsibilities, and appropriate segregation of duties. Effective controls should make correct behavior practical and repeatable, not merely documented. Therefore, the verified answer is option A. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 6.3 Information security awareness, education and training; Control 5.37 Documented operating procedures; Control 5.3 Segregation of duties.

Answer: B

Explanation:

A fire alarm is a detective and technical control. It is detective because it identifies or signals that a fire-related event may be occurring. The alarm does not normally stop the fire from starting, and it does not restore damaged assets after the event. Its purpose is to detect indicators such as smoke, heat, or fire and trigger response actions such as evacuation, suppression, emergency communication, or incident handling. It is technical because it operates through engineered or electronic mechanisms rather than through management approval, legal clauses, or purely administrative processes. ISO/IEC 27002:2022 classifies controls using attributes, including control type. Control types include preventive, detective, and corrective. Fire alarms align with the physical security control area because fire is a physical and environmental threat to information processing facilities, equipment, storage media, and supporting infrastructure. The value of the control is timely detection, reducing the chance that a physical event escalates unnoticed into major damage or service disruption. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Clause 4 control attributes; Control 7.4 Physical security monitoring; Control 7.5 Protecting against physical and environmental threats.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Information security determines both what needs to be protected and how protection should be applied. The first part is understanding information assets, their value, their sensitivity, their owners, their business purpose, and the consequences if they are disclosed, altered, lost, or unavailable. This answers what must be protected and why. The second part is understanding threats, vulnerabilities, risk levels, legal obligations, contractual duties, and control options. This answers what the information must be protected from and how security controls should be designed. ISO/IEC 27002 supports both dimensions. Asset inventory and classification clarify protection needs. Access control, cryptography, backup, logging, network security, secure development, incident management, and physical security define protection methods. Option A is correct but incomplete. Option B is also correct but incomplete. Option C is therefore the verified answer because information security is a complete discipline covering asset understanding, risk understanding, control selection, implementation, monitoring, and improvement. The ISO/IEC 27002 control set is structured to support that full protection lifecycle. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 5.9 Inventory of information and other associated assets; Control 5.12 Classification of information; Controls 5--8.