Important NCLEX-RN Exam Questions

Answer: C

Explanation:

(A) Chloride, HCO3, and sodium will need to be monitored, but monitoring these electrolytes is not as important as potassium monitoring. (B) Chloride, HCO3, and sodium will need to be monitored, but monitoring these electrolytes is not as important as potassium monitoring. (C) Potassium will need to be closely monitored because of its effects on the heart. Hypokalemia could result in supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. (D) Chloride, HCO3, and sodium will need to be monitored, but monitoring these electrolytes is not as important as potassium monitoring.

Answer: C

Explanation:

(A) Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine, or antianxiety agent, that potentiates the effects of _-aminobutyric acid in the CNS, which is not the CNS neurotransmitter EPS. (B) Triazolam is a benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic whose action is mediated in the limbic, thalamic, and hypothalamic levels of the CNS by - aminobutyric acid. (C) Benztropine is an anticholinergic agent, and the drug of choice for blocking CNS synaptic response, which causes EPS. (D) Thiothixene is an antipsychotic and neuroleptic drug that blocks dopamine neurotransmission at the CNS synapses, thereby causing EPS.

Answer: B

Explanation:

(A) This answer is incorrect. Alcohol withdrawal usually begins approximately 6--8 hours after the last drink. (B) This answer is correct. It takes approximately 6--8 hours for metabolism of alcohol. (C) This answer is incorrect. The alcohol is still in the system, as indicated by the high blood alcohol level. (D) This answer is incorrect. Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal usually begin within 6--8 hours of the last drink.

Answer: C

Explanation:

(A) Extensions of his myocardial infarction would be chest pain unrelieved with nitroglycerin, cardiac enzyme elevations, and electrocardiographic changes. (B) Persons with pneumonia may complain of weakness and shortness of breath and have crackles in their lung bases. However, they would also have sputum production and leukocytosis. (C) Persons who have had myocardial infarctions (especially anterior wall) are at risk of developing left ventricular heart failure, which is a major cause of pulmonary edema. Pulmonary edema is manifest by shortness of breath, weakness, and crackles on auscultation of the lung fields. (D) Pulmonary emboli may be accompanied by shortness of breath, weakness, and crackles. However, the pulmonary hypertension that accompanies pulmonary emboli results in signs of increased systemic venous pressure as well.

Answer: B

Explanation:

(A) Vitamin C does not directly affect clotting. (B) Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin that depends on liver function for absorption. Vitamin K is essential for clotting. (C) Vitamin E does not directly affect clotting. (D) Vitamin A does not directly affect clotting.